After incubation, 25 ul of serum opsonized
zymosan (SOZ) [Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland] and 25 ul of intracellular reactive oxygen species detecting probe, luminol [Research Organics, Cleveland, OH, USA] were added into each well, except blank wells (containing only HBSS++).
Kontrol olarak karsi ekstremiteye
zymosan veya turpentine gibi steril enflamasyon yapan ajanlar enjekte edilir.
Calismada pozitif kontrol olarak
Zymosan ile aktive edilen PMN, negatif kontrol olarak da herhangi bir kimyasalla karsilasmamis PMN kullanilmistir.
--Peptidoglycans,
zymosan, flagellin, LTA, and LPS generate a positive MAT response in a variety of media and have been thoroughly reviewed by Hasiwa et al.
The effect of
zymosan and the protective effect of various antioxidants on fracture healing in rats.
Resolvins are v-3 DHA-derived metabolites, and are biosynthesized during the resolution phase of inflammatory response, including halted transendothelial migration of human neutrophils,[17],[57],[58] upregulation of monocyte ingestion of apoptotic neutrophils, and enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of
zymosan and apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).[59] Previous studies have shown that resolvin D1 (7S,8R,17S-trihydro-xy-4Z,8E,10Z,12E,14E, 19Z-docosahexaenoic acid; RvD1) exerts potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions in several animal models of sepsis, peritonitis, taraxis, and ALI.[60],[61] Furthermore, a recent study [62] has shown that RvD1 could improve the survival rate and attenuated ALI induced by LPS.
Additionally, OA models with
zymosan, a potent inducer of COX-2 expression, were used in an experimental study in the temporomandibular joint.
When incubation has done, 25 uL of serum opsonized
zymosan (SOZ) (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland) and 25 uL of intracellular responsive oxygen species identifying test, luminol (Research Organics, Cleveland, OH, USA) were included into each well, away from clear wells (having just HBSS++).
CD18 integrin dependent endothelial injury: effects of opsonized
zymosan and phorbol ester activation.
In clinical practice, the most common immunomodulators are of polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide nature: proper-mil,
zymosan, prodigiosan, pyrogenal, and thymalin (22).
TLR2 can bind to a wide range of exogenous ligands, including lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acid, peptidoglycan,
zymosan, lipoarabinomannan, glycosylphosphatidylinositol, phenolsoluble modulin, and glycolipids [44], thereby mediating host immune response against gram-positive bacteria [45].
It was also shown that phagocytosis of
zymosan particles and hydrogen peroxide production, which are both reduced in peritoneal macrophages of diabetic rats, were restored by a single dose of insulin [22], suggesting an important role of the hormone in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and macrophages.